Many centuries before the country of Oman was form Muscat, its current capital, was a prosperous trading center and an influential regional city. Located on the eastern edge of the Arabian Peninsula, Oman occupies a ed, strategic position at the entrance to the Persian Gulf, one not unnoticed by western military powers. Long ruled by a sultanate, in 1774, it established a useful, long term relationship with Britain that lasted until it ceased to be a protectorate in 1951. Shortly after Qaboos bin Said Al Said replaced his father (in 1970) and took control of the country, this ancient land gained its complete independence. Among needed changes, the new sultan's priorities were social changes, as well as the modernization of the infrastructure and the improvement of its established oil industry.
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